Blood tests also check for signs of infection. They assess liver function and for jaundice. Several factors determine the approach for gallbladder stone treatment. They include: how bad the ...

dense fibrotic adhesion with obscured anatomy, 3) impacted stone, 4) laparoscopic failure, 5) rupture of the cystic duct, 6) intrahepatic stone, 7) cholecystoduodenal fistula, 8) gallbladder bed ...

Since the advent of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, the management strategy for CBD stones has been a subject of much discussion but with the absence of an established consensus. According to some ...