Callao is a city in Macon County, Missouri, United States. The population was 251 at the 2020 census, down from 292 in 2010. Callao was lai…Callao is a city in Macon County, Missouri, United States. The population was 251 at the 2020 census, down from 292 in 2010. Callao was laid out in 1858, a year before the railroad was extended to that point. The town most likely took its name from the port city of Callao, Peru. Townsfolk did not know what to call the new town. They hung a map of the world on the wall, blindfolded a man like Pin the Tail on the Donkey, aimed him at the map and his finger landed on Callao, Peru. A post office called Callao has been in operation since 1859.
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